Relay logic or relay has to do with the wiring of relays for logic switching applications. This article shows several easy ways to wire a relay for various applications. Knowing relay logic provides you with a guide to the use of NCD relay drivers and how they can be wired for many types of applications. Use this logic to control the forward or reverse direction of motors, control lights via relays in standard applications, as well as 3-way switching applications. This relay logic guide helps demonstrate the best ways to connect NCD relay drivers in real world control applications.
The COM (common) connection of a relay is the part of the relay that moves. When a relay is off, COMMON is connected to NC (normally closed). The NO (normally open) connection of the relay is not connected until the relay is turned ON. When the relay turns on, the COMMON goes from NC to NO. Mechanical relays create a clicking sound indicating movement on the COMMON terminal. Not all relays have a normally closed connection. For example, 30A relays do not usually have a normally closed connection, only normally open for safety. Solid state relays with a normally closed connection are not common today but it is possible to use two relays to create a normally closed condition.
This example demonstrates how a relay can be used to activate a light bulb. When the relay turns on, the light turns on. Only one power wire is switched with this sample using the COM (common) and NO (normally open) connections of a relay.
This example demonstrates how a relay can be used to deactivate a light bulb. When the relay turns off, the light turns on. Only one power wire is switched with this sample using the COM (common) and NO (normally open) connections of a relay.
This example demonstrates how two relays are connected in series to activate a light. Both relays must be energized for the light to come on.
This example demonstrates how three relays are connected in series to activate a light. All three relays must be energized for the light to come on.
This example demonstrates how either of two relays will activate a light. Turn on any of the relays and the light comes on. Both relays must be off for the light to turn off.
This example demonstrates how a 3-way light switch can be used to activate a light. A 3-way light switch is often found in your home where two light switches can be used to activate a single light. This sample is exactly the same as a 3 way light switch, the only difference is that each physical switch is replaced by a relay. Operationally, it works the same way. Each relay activation will cause the light to come on. Changing two relays at the same time is like operating 2 switches at the same time with the same result. This sampler is particularly useful as it can replace a relay (as shown in the diagram) with a physical light switch. This will allow a computer to control a light as well as manual operation of a light. If used correctly, this can be one of the most valuable diagrams we offer on this page.
This example demonstrates how to control the direction of a DC motor using 2 relays. Braking is achieved by connecting both motor terminals to a common electrical connection (Faraday's Law). The capacitors shown may not be necessary for small motors, but if you have problems with relays turning off on their own, the induction suppression capacitor will be required. The .1uF capacitor helps suppress electronic noise if the battery were to be used by sensitive devices (such as radios/amplifiers).
Control the direction of a DC motor using four solid state relays using the following wiring diagram. This design uses four relays in an H-Bridge configuration, which is used to control the polarity of the motor. Different relay “on” combinations affect the motor in different ways, including forward, reverse, brake, and float. Float essentially disconnects power from the motor, allowing it to come to a natural stop. Braking connects the motor leads to positive or negative supply voltages, forcing the DC motor to stop immediately. Braking to positive will dump the energy from the motor to the positive of the power supply. Negative braking will dump motor energy into the negative of the power supply (which is generally preferred for some applications). Forward you will connect the motor positive to V+ and the motor negative to ground.
Not all relay combinations are safe. Because this is a jumper setupH, certain relay combinations will short both relays, causing permanent damage. For this reason, we strongly recommend that you use a fuse with an appropriate rating for the motor and relays. We strongly recommend developing software with V+ offline. Make sure the relays follow the table at the bottom of the wiring diagram BEFORE applying power to V+. Some relay combinations just don't work. These will usually stall the engine, but are not relevant or recommended.
Relay logic or relay has to do with the wiring of relays for logic switching applications. This article shows several easy ways to wire a relay for various applications. Knowing relay logic provides you with a guide to the use of NCD relay drivers and how they can be wired for many types of applications. Use this logic to control the forward or reverse direction of motors, control lights via relays in standard applications, as well as 3-way switching applications. This relay logic guide helps demonstrate the best ways to connect NCD relay drivers in real world control applications.
The COM (common) connection of a relay is the part of the relay that moves. When a relay is off, COMMON is connected to NC (normally closed). The NO (normally open) connection of the relay is not connected until the relay is turned ON. When the relay turns on, the COMMON goes from NC to NO. Mechanical relays create a clicking sound indicating movement on the COMMON terminal. Not all relays have a normally closed connection. For example, 30A relays do not usually have a normally closed connection, only normally open for safety. Solid state relays with a normally closed connection are not common today but it is possible to use two relays to create a normally closed condition.
This example demonstrates how a relay can be used to activate a light bulb. When the relay turns on, the light turns on. Only one power wire is switched with this sample using the COM (common) and NO (normally open) connections of a relay.
This example demonstrates how a relay can be used to deactivate a light bulb. When the relay turns off, the light turns on. Only one power wire is switched with this sample using the COM (common) and NO (normally open) connections of a relay.
This example demonstrates how two relays are connected in series to activate a light. Both relays must be energized for the light to come on.
This example demonstrates how three relays are connected in series to activate a light. All three relays must be energized for the light to come on.
This example demonstrates how either of two relays will activate a light. Turn on any of the relays and the light comes on. Both relays must be off for the light to turn off.
This example demonstrates how a 3-way light switch can be used to activate a light. A 3-way light switch is often found in your home where two light switches can be used to activate a single light. This sample is exactly the same as a 3 way light switch, the only difference is that each physical switch is replaced by a relay. Operationally, it works the same way. Each relay activation will cause the light to come on. Changing two relays at the same time is like operating 2 switches at the same time with the same result. This sampler is particularly useful as it can replace a relay (as shown in the diagram) with a physical light switch. This will allow a computer to control a light as well as manual operation of a light. If used correctly, this can be one of the most valuable diagrams we offer on this page.
This example demonstrates how to control the direction of a DC motor using 2 relays. Braking is achieved by connecting both motor terminals to a common electrical connection (Faraday's Law). The capacitors shown may not be necessary for small motors, but if you have problems with relays turning off on their own, the induction suppression capacitor will be required. The .1uF capacitor helps suppress electronic noise if the battery were to be used by sensitive devices (such as radios/amplifiers).
Control the direction of a DC motor using four solid state relays using the following wiring diagram. This design uses four relays in an H-Bridge configuration, which is used to control the polarity of the motor. Different relay “on” combinations affect the motor in different ways, including forward, reverse, brake, and float. Float essentially disconnects power from the motor, allowing it to come to a natural stop. Braking connects the motor leads to positive or negative supply voltages, forcing the DC motor to stop immediately. Braking to positive will dump the energy from the motor to the positive of the power supply. Negative braking will dump motor energy into the negative of the power supply (which is generally preferred for some applications). Forward you will connect the motor positive to V+ and the motor negative to ground.
Not all relay combinations are safe. Because this is a jumper setupH, certain relay combinations will short both relays, causing permanent damage. For this reason, we strongly recommend that you use a fuse with an appropriate rating for the motor and relays. We strongly recommend developing software with V+ offline. Make sure the relays follow the table at the bottom of the wiring diagram BEFORE applying power to V+. Some relay combinations just don't work. These will usually stall the engine, but are not relevant or recommended.
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