Reminder of the difference between three-phase motor and single-phase motor
The single-phase motor is a motor designed to operate on a single-phase power supply (which is generally found in private homes and in the tertiary sector).
The three-phase motor is a motor designed to operate on a three-phase power supply (found mainly in the industrial sector).
To find out more, do not hesitate to read our article “What are the differences between a three-phase motor and a single-phase motor? »
Conversion of a three-phase motor to single-phase with a permanent capacitor
permanent capacitor with lug For low power three-phase motors, it is possible to use a permanent capacitor to supply them with a single-phase source.
A permanent capacitor allows the current to be phase-shifted in order to start the rotor of the electric motor (unlike the starting capacitor which is only used when starting the motor to give it a boost). Do not hesitate to read our article “Which capacitor for your electric motor? to understand the differences between these two capacitors.
The use of a permanent capacitor will therefore make it possible to create the phase shift necessary to operate the motor on single-phase current (the motor will only turn with 2 windings instead of the basic 3).
The permanent capacitor should be chosen according to the intensity of the 230V three-phase motor (see the motor nameplate). In general, this intensity is multiplied by 14 in order to determine the value in microfarad of the capacitor.
Contraindications to the use of the permanent capacitor
Even if this very practical solution makes it possible to use a three-phase motor with a single-phase power supply, it has several disadvantages.
The use of a permanent capacitor will lead to a loss of power (approximately - 30%) and greatly reduce the starting torque.
Moreover, this solution cannot be used in all cases: the permanent capacitor can only be used if the motor allows 230 V coupling.
The use of a permanent capacitor to operate a three-phase motor on a single-phase supply is not recommended for motors with a power greater than 1 kW (due to the high torque loss at start-up). This technique is therefore not recommended for compressor or pump motors, as well as for all applications where a high starting torque is required.
We recommend instead the use of a single-three dimmer to run a three-phase motor on a single-phase power supply. In any case, the best solution is to change your three-phase motor to a single-phase motor: you will gain in terms of torque, power and energy consumption.
Reminder of the difference between three-phase motor and single-phase motor
The single-phase motor is a motor designed to operate on a single-phase power supply (which is generally found in private homes and in the tertiary sector).
The three-phase motor is a motor designed to operate on a three-phase power supply (found mainly in the industrial sector).
To find out more, do not hesitate to read our article “What are the differences between a three-phase motor and a single-phase motor? »
Conversion of a three-phase motor to single-phase with a permanent capacitor
permanent capacitor with lug For low power three-phase motors, it is possible to use a permanent capacitor to supply them with a single-phase source.
A permanent capacitor allows the current to be phase-shifted in order to start the rotor of the electric motor (unlike the starting capacitor which is only used when starting the motor to give it a boost). Do not hesitate to read our article “Which capacitor for your electric motor? to understand the differences between these two capacitors.
The use of a permanent capacitor will therefore make it possible to create the phase shift necessary to operate the motor on single-phase current (the motor will only turn with 2 windings instead of the basic 3).
The permanent capacitor should be chosen according to the intensity of the 230V three-phase motor (see the motor nameplate). In general, this intensity is multiplied by 14 in order to determine the value in microfarad of the capacitor.
Contraindications to the use of the permanent capacitor
Even if this very practical solution makes it possible to use a three-phase motor with a single-phase power supply, it has several disadvantages.
The use of a permanent capacitor will lead to a loss of power (approximately - 30%) and greatly reduce the starting torque.
Moreover, this solution cannot be used in all cases: the permanent capacitor can only be used if the motor allows 230 V coupling.
The use of a permanent capacitor to operate a three-phase motor on a single-phase supply is not recommended for motors with a power greater than 1 kW (due to the high torque loss at start-up). This technique is therefore not recommended for compressor or pump motors, as well as for all applications where a high starting torque is required.
We recommend instead the use of a single-three dimmer to run a three-phase motor on a single-phase power supply. In any case, the best solution is to change your three-phase motor to a single-phase motor: you will gain in terms of torque, power and energy consumption.
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